海军特种作战兵力行动知识推理研究*

通过对兵力行动知识原理和兵力行动知识工程建模方法的分析,根据知识推理的特点,给出了适合的兵力行动知识表示和推理方法的选择,并着重运用三值逻辑神经网络这种兼备符号语义表示和网络传播结构的模型,解决了兵力行动推理中偏好性和主观性的规则逻辑的表示及相应的推理问题.最后,基于兵力行动推理的研究,以海军特种作战兵力行动为例,得出了兵力行动知识推理模型实现的描述.     

空间双体系绳系统展开阶段末端星姿态动力学分析

为了研究空间系绳系统展开过程中末端星的姿态运动,采用第二类拉格朗日方程建立系统展开及末端星角运动的数学模型,分析展开阶段末端星的姿态动力学特性。建模时将系绳末端连接的母星与子星视为尺寸不可忽略的刚体,且母星质量远大于子星质量,系绳视为有质量的刚性杆。利用该数学模型可以分析系绳系统的展开过程,研究影响末端星姿态运动的主要因素,包括姿态角初始扰动以及末端星动/静不对称性。仿真结果表明,系绳展开时末端星姿态角初始扰动及动静不对称性可能会导致姿态角失稳,出现系绳缠绕星体的情况。仿真结果可以为展开阶段末端星姿态控制提供参考。     

EU armed forces and social media: convergence or divergence?

This article explores how armed forces in EU member states work with and view social media in national and international settings, and what the patterns of convergence/divergence are on these issues. To that end, a questionnaire targeted at EU armed forces was constructed. An index of qualitative variation was calculated to explore the relative convergence among respondents (n = 25) on issues of risks and opportunities with using social media nationally and internationally. Consistent with previous research on European armed forces, we found higher levels of divergence than convergence. Contrary to our expectations that similar challenges, joint international standards, and membership in international organizations would foster convergence with regard to social media use in areas of deployment, we found that convergence appeared foremost pertaining to the domestic level. Policy divergence was strongest in areas of deployment.     

地波雷达组网探测高空目标优化布站

针对高空无人机等目标，建立基于高频地波雷达为主的2D雷达探测网，以目标高度估计和协同补盲为约束条件，对2D雷达网的优化布站问题进行理论计算和实例仿真，实验结果证明布站方法的有效性。     

海洋水下战场态势仿真系统的设计与实现?

在作战仿真领域，由于水下战场环境的特殊性以及水下作战对抗的复杂性，构建具有水下战场实景态势展现以及水下作战对抗演示分析等功能的仿真系统始终是一个难点问题。基于现代海战条件下水下对抗的应用背景，设计实现了海洋水下战场态势仿真系统，给出系统的功能结构、功能流程以及数据处理流程和方案，并对系统的开发部署进行了具体实现，应用情况表明系统能够实现对水下战场实景态势的高精度仿真，可作为海洋水下战场实景态势的演示分析研究平台和水下作战对抗的论证评估工具。     

无线传感器网络中保证覆盖的最少节点部署

无线传感器网络的能量消耗是空间不均匀的,但当前多数的部署方法考虑得较少,网络的能量利用率低,因此提出了保证覆盖率和网络生存期的最少节点部署问题.基于传感器网络的数据传输特性,从提高能量效率和降低剩余能量的角度提出了节点数递减的重叠放置方法和节点密度递减的随机部署方法.两种新部署方法比已有部署方法需要的节点数少,剩余能量低,因而提高了能量利用率.最后,仿真实验表明,两种新部署策略的能量效率是已有方法的3～4倍.     

Transforming the Spanish military

The article analyses the Spanish military transformation. This process started in 2004 as a means to adapt the force structure, organization and capabilities of the Spanish military to meet present and future threats in compliance with NATO’s initiatives, thus ensuring the continuity of the equipment modernization, professionalization and the adjustment of the country’s defence architecture to the post-cold war environment. A decade later, although transformation is still a priority for the Ministry of Defence, limited political will, a lack of strategic guidance, poor resource management and the effects of the economic crisis are compromising its development. This article describes the Spanish military transformation and assesses its value in adapting the country’s armed forces to the current and prospective security environment.     

Explaining the security paradigm shift: strategic culture,epistemic communities,and Israel’s changing national security policy

The paper’s main argument is that Israel’s security policy, which traditionally focused on defending its territorial integrity against regular Arab armed forces, was, by the 2010s, transformed into one that focuses on facing a variety of state- and non-state-based threats. Neo-realist explanations could neither account for the contested nature of the security debate during this period, nor the inconsistent evolution of the policy. The present study aims to solve this conundrum by introducing an alternative approach known as 4th generation strategic culture research. The paper is comprised of four parts. First, the origins and evolution of strategic culture are reviewed, with emphasis placed on the commonly accepted weaknesses that, to date, have prevented it from being used as a testable theoretical concept, and subsequently as an explanatory factor for security policy changes. The second part presents the “modernist constructivism” approach that bridges the gap between traditional constructivism and hypothesis-driven research design. Next, the paper introduces the emerging fourth generation in strategic culture literature, followed by a conceptual framework designed to resolve the inherent weaknesses of the more traditional approaches. Finally, this conceptual framework is applied to analyse the transformation of Israel’s security policy between 1982 and 2014.     

A nation-in-the-making,in arms: control of force,strategy and the Ukrainian Volunteer Battalions

At the core of waging war and strategy is the creation, control and use of force. This article investigates the volunteer battalions that mobilized in Ukraine during the spring of 2014. It contextualizes the volunteer phenomenon and focuses on the state strategies to establish control over these militias. As ambiguous entities arising from a situation characterized by rapid social change – revolution and war – the volunteer battalions threatened existing hierarchies and questioned state authority. The situation was exacerbated by the war, which deviated from the expectations of Ukrainian combatants and Western military observers alike. The state nevertheless enjoyed a modicum of success in reining in the militias through four strategies of undermining, co-option, incorporation and coercion. While predominantly integrated into a more rigid category of paramilitary forces, the volunteers continue to play a role in both the Ukrainian society and security sector to the unforeseeable future.     

论重建抗御火灾意识的必要性

通过分析抗御火灾的客观事实 ,从抗御火灾的公共配套设施、专用装备和人员保证三个方面揭示人类控制火灾的观念需要更新 ,指出人类控制火灾必须从人的观念上实现根本性转变 ,重建抗御火灾的意识。